In robotics, what is typically used for sending control signals to motors and sensors?

A microcontroller is essential in robotics for sending control signals to motors and sensors. It serves as the brain of a robot, processing input data from various sensors and executing control algorithms to generate appropriate output signals. These signals activate or modulate the behavior of motors to perform tasks such as movement or manipulation.

The microcontroller's capability to execute complex tasks makes it particularly suitable for managing the interactions between various components of a robotic system. It can read sensor data, perform computations or decisions based on that data, and then send commands to motors and other actuators to achieve desired behaviors.

While power supplies are critical for providing the necessary energy for the system, they do not generate control signals. Signal amplifiers increase the strength of electronic signals but do not control motor functions directly. Communication modules are responsible for sending and receiving data between different components or systems but focus on connectivity rather than generating control signals for direct actuation.

Thus, the microcontroller stands out as the central component responsible for controlling the operations of the robot, making it the correct choice in this context.